Morten Enersen

Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique A (2008). Genetic diversity of Porphyromonas gingivalis isolates recovered from single "refractory" periodontitis sites. Applied and Environmental   Microbiology.  ISSN 0099-2240.  74(18), s 5817- 5821 . doi: 10.1128/AEM.00225-08 - [svarer tregt]

Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Kvalheim, Øyvind & Caugant, Dominique A (2008). fimA genotypes and multilocus sequence types of Porphyromonas gingivalis from patients with periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  ISSN 0095-1137.  46(1), s 31- 42 . doi: 10.1128/JCM.00986-07

Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten; Beiske, Klaus & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in apical and marginal periodontitlits: A role in pathology.?. Journal of Medical Virology - [brutt].  ISSN 0146-6615.  80(6), s 1007- 1011 . doi: 10.1002/jmv.21180 - [brutt]

Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Patient with severe periodontitis and subgingival Epstein-Barr virus treated with antiviral therapy. Journal of Clinical Virology. ISSN 1386-6532.  42(2), s 176- 178 . doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.01.007        Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Van Winkelhoff, Arie J & Caugant, Dominique A (2006). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis strains from different geographic origins. Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  ISSN 0095-1137.  44(1), s 35- 41 . doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.1.35-41.200

Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Van Winkelhoff, Arie J & Caugant, Dominique A (2006). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis strains from different geographic origins. Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  ISSN 0095-1137.  44(1), s 35- 41 . doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.1.35-41.2006

• Ulvik, Ingvild Marie; Sæthre, Terje; Bunæs, Dagmar Fosså; Lie, Stein Atle; Enersen, Morten & Leknes, Knut Norvald (2021). A 12-month randomized controlled trial evaluating erythritol air-polishing versus curette/ultrasonic debridement of mandibular furcations in supportive periodontal therapy. BMC Oral Health. ISSN 1472-6831. 21(1), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01397-3.
• Enersen, Morten; Hultin, Margareta; Kønønen, Eija; Havemose Poulsen, Anne & Simm, Roger (2019). Antibiotics in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant infections. Tandlægebladet. ISSN 0039-9353. 129(3), s. 224–235.
• Rusthen, Shermin; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Young, Alix; Galtung, Hilde; Petrovski, Beata & Palm, Øyvind [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Dysbiotic salivary microbiota in dry mouth and primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 14(6), s. 1–15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218319. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hardersen, Line Rørslett; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ørstavik, Dag & Sunde, Pia Titterud (2019). Maintenance of the aseptic working field during endodontic treatment. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. ISSN 0001-6357. s. 1–6. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1606935.
• Zandi, Homan; Petronijevic, Nikola; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten & Rocas, Isabela N. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Outcome of endodontic retreatment Using 2 root canal irrigants and influence of infection on healing as determined by a molecular method: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Endodontics. ISSN 0099-2399. 45(9), s. 1089–1098.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.05.021.
• Zandi, Homan; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ørstavik, Dag; Rocas, Isabela; Siqueira, Jose F. & Enersen, Morten (2018). Microbial Analysis of Endodontic Infections in Root-filled Teeth with Apical Periodontitis before and after Irrigation using Pyrosequencing. Journal of Endodontics. ISSN 0099-2399. 44(3), s. 372–378. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.11.019.
• Hallmer, Fredrik; Bjørnland, Tore; Anderson, Gunilla; Becktor, Jonas P; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin & Enersen, Morten (2017). Bacterial diversity in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. ISSN 2212-4403. 123(4), s. 436–444. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.11.011.
• Lund Håheim, Lise; Rønningen, Kjersti Skjold; Enersen, Morten & Olsen, Ingar (2017). The Predictive Role of Tooth Extractions, Oral Infections, and hs-C-Reactive Protein for Mortality in Individuals with and without Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study of a 12 1/2-Year Follow-Up. Journal of Diabetes Research. ISSN 2314-6745. 2017. doi: 10.1155/2017/9590740. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Larsen, Olav Inge; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Wennerberg, Ann; Bunæs, Dagmar Fosså & Lie, Stein Atle [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Antimicrobial effects of three different treatment modalities on dental implant surfaces. Journal of Oral Implantology. ISSN 0160-6972. 43(6), s. 429–436. doi: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-16-00147.
• Rodrigues, Renata Costa Val; Zandi, Homan; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Ørstavik, Dag [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Influence of the apical preparation size and the irrigant type on bacterial reduction in root canal - treated teeth with apical periodontitis. Journal of Endodontics. ISSN 0099-2399. 43(7), s. 1058–1063. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.02.004.
• Zandi, Homan; Rodrigues, Renata C.V.; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Mdala, Ibrahimu & Ørstavik, Dag [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Antibacterial Effectiveness of 2 Root Canal Irrigants in Root-filled Teeth with Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Endodontics. ISSN 0099-2399. 42(9), s. 1307–1313. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.06.006.
• Langbach, Odd; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Abesha-Belay, Emnet; Enersen, Morten; Røkke, Ola & Olsen, Ingar (2016). Oral, intestinal, and skin bacteria in ventral hernia mesh implants. Journal of Oral Microbiology. ISSN 2000-2297. 8:31854(1), s. 1–15. doi: 10.3402/jom.v8.31854. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: In ventral hernia surgery, mesh implants are used to reduce recurrence. Infection after mesh implantation can be a problem and rates around 6–10% have been reported. Bacterial colonization of mesh implants in patients without clinical signs of infection has not been thoroughly investigated. Molecular techniques have proven effective in demonstrating bacterial diversity in various environments and are able to identify bacteria on a gene-specific level. Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect bacterial biofilm in mesh implants, analyze its bacterial diversity, and look for possible resemblance with bacterial biofilm from the periodontal pocket. Methods: Thirty patients referred to our hospital for recurrence after former ventral hernia mesh repair, were examined for periodontitis in advance of new surgical hernia repair. Oral examination included periapical radiographs, periodontal probing, and subgingival plaque collection. A piece of mesh (1×1 cm) from the abdominal wall was harvested during the new surgical hernia repair and analyzed for bacteria by PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. From patients with positive PCR mesh samples, subgingival plaque samples were analyzed with the same techniques. Results: A great variety of taxa were detected in 20 (66.7%) mesh samples, including typical oral commensals and periodontopathogens, enterics, and skin bacteria. Mesh and periodontal bacteria were further analyzed for similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequences. In 17 sequences, the level of resemblance between mesh and subgingival bacterial colonization was 98–100% suggesting, but not proving, a transfer of oral bacteria to the mesh. Conclusion: The results show great bacterial diversity on mesh implants from the anterior abdominal wall including oral commensals and periodontopathogens. Mesh can be reached by bacteria in several ways including hematogenous spread from an oral site. However, other sites such as gut and skin may also serve as sources for the mesh biofilm.

• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Vikholt, Katharina Johnsen; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Olsen, Ingar [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Diversity and anti-fungal susceptibility of Norwegian Candida glabrata clinical isolates. Journal of Oral Microbiology. ISSN 2000-2297. 8(1). doi: 10.3402/jom.v8.29849. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bunæs, Dagmar Fosså; Lie, Stein Atle; Enersen, Morten; Åstrøm, Anne Nordrehaug; Mustafa, Kamal Babikeir Eln & Leknes, Knut N. (2015). Site-specific treatment outcome in smokers following non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. ISSN 0303-6979. 42(10), s. 933–942. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12462.
• Etokebe, Godfrey; Zienolddiny, Shanbeh; Kupanovac, Zeljko; Enersen, Morten; Balen, Sanja & Flego, Velkjo [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Association of the FAM46A gene VNTRs and BAG6 rs3117582 SNP with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Croatian and Norwegian populations. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 10(4). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122651. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Enersen, Morten; Nakano, Katzuhiko & Amano, Atsuo (2013). Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae. Journal of Oral Microbiology. ISSN 2000-2297. 5(20265). doi: 10.3402/jom.v5i0.20265. Vis sammendrag

  Marginal periodontitis is not a homogeneous disease but is rather influenced by an intricate set of host susceptibility differences as well as diversities in virulence among the harbored organisms. It is likely that clonal heterogeneity of subpopulations with both high and low levels of pathogenicity exists among organisms harbored by individuals with negligible, slight, or even severe periodontal destruction. Therefore, specific virulent clones of periodontal pathogens may cause advanced and/or aggressive periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a predominant periodontal pathogen that expresses a number of potential virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, and accumulated evidence shows that its expression of heterogenic virulence properties is dependent on clonal diversity. Fimbriae are considered to be critical factors that mediate bacterial interactions with and invasion of host tissues, with P. gingivalis shown to express two distinct fimbria-molecules, long and short fimbriae, on the cell surface, both of which seem to be involved in development of periodontitis. Long fimbriae are classified into six types (I to Vand Ib) based on the diversity of fimA genes encoding FimA (a subunit of long fimbriae). Studies of clones with type II fimA have revealed their significantly greater adhesive and invasive capabilities as compared to other fimA type clones. Long and short fimbriae induce various cytokine expressions such as IL-1α, IL-Β, IL-6, and TNF-a, which result in alveolar bone resorption. Although the clonal diversity of short fimbriae is unclear, distinct short fimbria-molecules have been found in different strains. These fimbriae variations likely influence the development of periodontal disease.

• Rønningen, Kjersti Skjold & Enersen, Morten (2012). Diabetes and oral health. Norsk Epidemiologi. ISSN 0803-2491. 22(1), s. 47–53. doi: 10.5324/nje.v22i1.1519.
• Krohn-Dale, Ivar; Bøe, Olav Egil; Enersen, Morten & Leknes, Knut N. (2012). Er:YAG laser in the treatment of periodontal sites with recurring chronic inflammation: a 12-month randomised, controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. ISSN 0303-6979. 39(8), s. 745–752. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01912.x.
• Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Kverndokk, Ellen Kristine; Sunde, Pia Titterud; Landin, Maria Augusta Dos S Silva & Solheim, Tore [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2012). Human papillomavirus subtypes in oral lesions compared to healthy oral mucosa. Journal of Clinical Virology. ISSN 1386-6532. 53(4), s. 364–366. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.12.023.
• Olsen, Ingar; Fetveit, Arne & Enersen, Morten (2012). 11 Tannhelse. 11.1 Akutte odontogene infeksjoner. I Lindbæk, Morten (Red.), Nasjonale faglige retningslinjer for antibiotikabruk i primærhelsetjenesten. 2 utgave (2012). Helsedirektoratet. ISSN 978-82-8081-252-0. s. 115–119.
• Olsen, Ingar & Enersen, Morten (2012). 11 Tannhelse. 11.2 Marginal periodontitt. Tannløsningssykdom. I Lindbæk, Morten (Red.), Nasjonale faglige retningslinjer for antibiotikabruk i primærhelsetjenesten. 2 utgave (2012). Helsedirektoratet. ISSN 978-82-8081-252-0. s. 120–123.
• Enersen, Morten (2011). Risk factors for periodontal disease. I Håheim, Anne-Lise Lund (Red.), Oral infections and cardiovascular disease. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ISSN 978-1-60805-232-5. s. 17–26.
• Enersen, Morten (2011). Porphyromonas gingivalis: a clonal pathogen? Diversities in housekeeping genes and the major fimbrae gene. Journal of Oral Microbiology. ISSN 2000-2297. 3. doi: 10.3402/jom.v3i0.8487.
• Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Spiller cytomegalovirus og Epstein-Barr virus en rolle i marginal og apikal periodontitt? Den norske tannlegeforenings tidende. ISSN 0029-2303. 118(11), s. 716–718.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique (2008). Genetic diversity of Porphyromonas gingivalis isolates recovered from single "Refractory" periodontitis sites. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 74(18), s. 5817–5821. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00225-08.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Kvalheim, Øyvind & Caugant, Dominique A (2008). fimA genotypes and multilocus sequence types of Porphyromonas gingivalis from patients with periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. ISSN 0095-1137. 46(1), s. 31–42. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00986-07.
• Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Patient with severe periodontitis and subgingival Epstein-Barr virus treated with antiviral therapy. Journal of Clinical Virology. ISSN 1386-6532. 42(2), s. 176–178. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.01.007.
• Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten; Beiske, Klaus & Grinde, Bjørn (2008). Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in apical and marginal periodontitlits: A role in pathology? Journal of Medical Virology. ISSN 0146-6615. 80(6), s. 1007–1011. doi: 10.1002/jmv.21180.
• Enersen, M.; Olsen, I.; Van Winkelhoff, Arie J & Caugant, Dominique A. (2006). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis strains from different geographic origins. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. ISSN 0095-1137. 44(1), s. 35–41. doi: 10.1128/JMC.44.1.35-41.2006.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Tonjum, Tone & Enersen, Morten (2019). Kapittel 8. Normalflora, Medisinsk mikrobiologi 4. utgave. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISBN 9788205500983. 8 s.
• Enersen, Morten (2019). Kapittel 49. Orale infeksjoner. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISBN 9788205500983. 10 s.
• Slinde, Ingrid; Smith, Ingrid; Søhoel, Hildur Cecilie; Vevelstad, Mildrid Beate; Enersen, Morten & Forsberg, May-Helen Losoa [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Retningslinjer for smittevern ved de odontologiske læresteder i Norge. Universitetet i Oslo, Universitet i Bergen, Universitetet i Tromsø. ISBN 978-82-993156-8-5. 47 s.

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• Rogala, Agnieszka; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Sapkota, Dipak & Küntziger, Thomas M. (2021). Defining the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis’ peptidyl arginine deiminase (PPAD) in oral carcinoma.
• Lund, Bodil Kristina & Enersen, Morten (2020). Akutte odontogene infeksjoner. Marginal periodontitt. Nasjonale Faglige Retningslinjer for Antibiotikabruk i Primærhelsetjenesten. Kapittel 6. Helsedirektoratet. Nasjonale Faglige Retningslinjer for Antibiotikabruk i Primærhelsetjenesten.
• Rogala, Agnieszka; Follin-Arbelet, Benoit; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Sapkota, Dipak & Küntziger, Thomas M. (2019). Defining the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidyl arginine deiminase (PPAD) in oral carcinoma.
• Enersen, Morten (2019). Antibiotika og smittevern i tannlegens hverdag.
• Bentele, Horst; Enersen, Morten; Eriksen, Hanne-Merete; Hensten, Arne; Lochner, Vibeke & Lund, Bodil Kristina [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Faglige anbefalinger for smittevern i klinisk odontologisk praksis.
• Rusthen, Shermin; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Young, Alix; Galtung, Hilde; Enersen, Morten & Jensen, Janicke Liaaen (2018). The Salivary Microbiota Profile in Reduced and Normal Salivation.
• Håheim, Lise Lund; Rønningen, Kjersti Skjold; Enersen, Morten & Olsen, Ingar (2017). Tooth extractions, oral infections, and hs-C-reactive protein predict mortality in individuals with and without diabetes.
• Enersen, Morten (2017). Superinfections; are they on the way?
• Handal, Trude & Enersen, Morten (2017). Antibiotikabruk i primærhelsetjenesten Tannhelse, 1) Akutte odontogene infeksjoner; 2) Marginal periodontitt. Antibiotikabruk i Primærhelsetjenesten.
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Antibiotika ved odontogene infeksjoner. Teori og klinisk anvendelse i lys av økende resistensutvikling.
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Antibiotikaresistens og smittevern i klinisk odontologi.
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Antibiotikabruk, antibiotikaresistens og smittevern med økende forekomst av resistente bakterier. Hvordan kan tannlegene bidra?
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Antibiotika ved odontogene infeksjoner.
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Antibiotikaresistente mikrober i tannlegens hverdag.
• Enersen, Morten (2016). Nasjonal handlingsplan mot antibiotikaresistens 2015-2020. Ikke bare for medisinerne.
• Langbach, Odd; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Abesha-Belay, Emnet; Enersen, Morten & Olsen, Ingar (2016). Nett i bukveggen hos brokkopererte inneholder orale mikrober. Den norske tannlegeforenings tidende. ISSN 0029-2303. 126(8), s. 610–611.
• Enersen, Morten (2015). Microbial diagnosis in the treatment of periodontal disease and periimplant infections.
• Enersen, Morten (2015). Microbiological diagnosis in the treatment of periodontal diseases and peri-implant infections. Validity and reliability with increasing antibiotic resistance.
• Hallmer, Fredrik; Bjørnland, Tore; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Anderson, Gunilla & Enersen, Morten (2015). THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ORAL MICROFLORA AND BISPHOSPHONATE OR DENOSUMAB INDUCED OSTEONECROSIS - abstract ICOMS 2015 - International Conference on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Melbourne October 2015. ICOMS 2015 - International Conference on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
• Enersen, Morten (2015). Antibiotika ved odontogene infeksjoner. Teori og klinisk anvendelse i lys av økende resistensutvikling.
• Danielsen, Sigurd Haugan; Handal, Trude & Enersen, Morten (2015). Akutte odontogene infeksjoner. Antibiotikabruk i Primærhelsetjenesten.
• Danielsen, Sigurd Haugan; Handal, Trude & Enersen, Morten (2015). Marginal periodontitt. Antibiotikabruk i Primærhelsetjenesten.
• Bunaes, Dagmar; Enersen, Morten; Aastrøm, A.N.; Mustafa, Kamal Babikeir Eln; Lie, S.A. & Leknes, Knut N. (2015). The influence of cigarette smoking on clinical and microbiological outcomes following primary periodontal treatment. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. ISSN 0303-6979. 42, s. 3–3.
• Enersen, Morten (2015). Mikrobiologisk diagnostikk og periodontal behandling, er dette nødvendig?
• Enersen, Morten (2015). Mikrobiologisk diagnostikk ved odontogene infeksjoner. Antimikrobiell resistenstesting; er det nødvendig?
• Hallmer, Fredrik; Bjørnland, Tore; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Anderson, Gunilla & Enersen, Morten (2015). The association between oral microflora and bisphosphonate or denosumab induced osteonecrosis. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. ISSN 0901-5027. 44. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.587.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Gaustad, Peter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Phenotypic characterization of Candida glabrata from blood, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Gaustad, Peter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Phenotypic Characterization of Candida glabrata from Blood, Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tracts.
• Enersen, Morten (2014). Antibiotika ved odontogene infeksjoner. Teori og klinisk anvendelse i lys av økende resistensutvikling.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Gaustad, Peter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Phenotypic diversity among clinical Candida glabrata strains in Norwegian health care unit. Oral presentation.
• Midtervoll, Ingvild K.; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Samuelsen, Sven Ove & Lund Håheim, Lise (2014). Detection of Periodontal Pathogens in Blood from Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Oral Presentation.
• Zandi, Homan; Rodrigues, Renata C. V.; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ørstavik, Dag; Siqueira, Jose F. & Rocas, Isabela [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Clinical effectiveness of two antimicrobial irrigants in endodontically treated teeth. Oral presentation. Vis sammendrag

  Clinical Effectiveness of Two Antimicrobial Irrigants in Endodontically Treated Teeth Homan Zandi, DDS, Renata C. V. Rodrigues, DDS, Anne-Karin Kristoffersen, PhD, Dag Ørstavik, DDS, PhD, José F. Siqueira Jr, DDS, PhD, Isabela Rôças, DDS, PhD, Morten Enersen, DDS, PhD Abstract Background: Endodontic treatment of root-filled teeth with post-treatment disease is especially challenging. The outcome of endodontic treatment is significantly influenced by the presence of bacteria in the root canals at the time of filling. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used as a root canal irrigant in different concentrations because of its pronounced antimicrobial activity and the ability of dissolving necrotic tissue and organic matter. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) is an effective substitute for NaOCl due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against bacteria and its high dentin substantivity. It is less toxic against vital tissues than NaOCl but lacks tissue dissolving property. No culture-independent molecular study has compared the antimicrobial effectiveness of 1% NaOCl and 2% CHX in root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis (AP). Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial properties of 1% NaOCl and 2% CHX in endodontically treated teeth with AP. Methods: Sixty-eight root-filled teeth with AP were randomly distributed in two irrigant groups. Bacterial samples were taken at baseline (S1), after chemomechanical preparation using either 1% NaOCl or 2% CHX as irrigant (S2), and after intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide at the second visit (S3). The bacterial samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for total bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus spp.. Results: Preliminary results indicated bacterial DNA in all the samples at S1. E. faecalis was seldom found, but streptococci were frequent. The amount of bacterial DNA significantly declined following treatment in both groups (S2 and S3) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between NaOCl and CHX groups in reducing total bacterial and streptococcal counts (p>0.05). Conclusion: Findings indicate that endodontic retreatment was equally effective in reducing the amount of bacteria in both irrigation groups. Keywords: Endodontics. Root canal irrigants.

• Zandi, Homan; Rodrigues, Renata C. V.; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ørstavik, Dag; Siqueira, Jose F. & Rocas, Isabela [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Clinical effectiveness of two antimicrobial irrigants in endodontically treated teeth. Poster presentation.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Gaustad, Peter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Phenotypic Characterization of Candida glabrata from Blood, Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tracts. Poster presentation.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Ingebretsen, André; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Gaustad, Peter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Phenotypic Characterization of Candida glabrata from Blood, Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tracts. Oral Presentation.
• Midtervoll, Ingvild K.; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Samuelsen, Sven Ove; Olsen, Ingar & Håheim, L.L. (2014). Detection of Periodontal Pathogens in Blood from Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. Poster presentation.
• Midtervoll, Ingvild K.; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; Enersen, Morten; Samuelsen, Sven Ove & Lund Håheim, Lise (2013). PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS – A POSSIBLE ROLE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE? Vis sammendrag

  Objective: The aim of this ongoing study is to investigate a possible role for periodontal pathogens in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) through detection of bacterial DNA in bloodsamples from participants of the Oslo II study. Materials and methods: The study design is a blinded case-cohort design where the cohort is men from Oslo, born between 1926 and 1932. The test group consists of 225 individuals who have died from CVD (myocardial infarction, aortic aneurysms or stroke), and the control group are 225 healthy men randomly picked from the cohort. After DNA extraction from blood samples in both groups, PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene will be performed, and PCR products of 650bp fragment will be verified on a 1,5% agarose gel. Bacterial species will be detected by high throughput sequencing of the PCR products, and results from test and control group will be correlated. Furthermore, results from three diagnoses in the test group will also be correlated separately to the controls. Correction for known risk factors such as smoking, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, total serum cholesterol and diabetes will be performed. Results: Preliminary results from PCR amplification of 260 blinded bloodsamples indicate bacterial DNA detection with the expected fragment size in 124 (48%) of the samples investigated so far.

• Enersen, Morten (2013). Laser i periodontien, Kliniske forsøk- mikrobiologiske data.
• Midtervoll, Ingvild Kristin; Kristoffersen, Anne-Karin; Enersen, Morten; Samuelsen, S. O.; Olsen, Ingar & Lund Håheim, Lise (2012). Systemic effects of periodontal pathogens.
• Andersen, Kari-Mette; Enersen, Morten; Kristoffersen, Anne-Karin; Gaustad, Peter; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore & Olsen, Ingar (2012). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Candida glabrata.
• Enersen, Morten; Narverud, Ingunn; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Nenseter, Marit Sofie; Holven, Kirsten Bjørklund & Olsen, Ingar (2011). Inflammatory and hematological markers in patients with advanced chronic periodontitis. Journal of Oral Microbiology. ISSN 2000-2297. 3, s. 3–3. doi: 10.3402/jom.v3i0.7144.
• Enersen, Morten (2011). Periodontitt: Undersøkelse, strategier for systematisk behandling og vedlikehold.
• Enersen, Morten & Vandevska-Radunovic, Vaska (2010). Kjeveortopedi og periodonti - molekylære og kliniske aspekter i det interdisiplinære samarbeidet mellom to spesialiteter.
• Enersen, Morten (2009). Oppdatering i Periodonti, fagkurs.
• Enersen, Morten (2009). Oppdatering i periodonti.
• Enersen, Morten (2009). Orale infeksjoner; revisjon av dette kapittel til utgave 4. I Degre, Miklos; Hovig, Berit & Rollag, Halvor (Red.), Medisinsk Mikrobiologi, 3.utg. Gyldendal Akademisk. ISSN 978-82-05-31590-7.
• Enersen, Morten (2008). Periodontal mikroflora og populasjonsgenetikk.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique A (2008). Genetiske analyser av bakterien Porphyromonas gingivalis fra periodontittt. Den norske tannlegeforenings tidende. ISSN 0029-2303. 118.
• Enersen, Morten (2007). Mikrobiologisk diagnostikk og periodontal behandling.
• Sunde, Pia Titterud; Olsen, Ingar; Enersen, Morten; Beiske, Klaus & Grinde, Bjørn (2007). Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in periodontitis: a role in pathology?
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Kvalheim, Øyvind & Caugant, Dominique A (2007). FimA genotypes and multilocus sequence types of Porphyromonas gingivalis from periodontitis.
• Sunde, PT; Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Grinde, Bjørn (2006). Does CMV or EBV contribute to periodontitis?
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique A (2006). FimA genotypes and multilocus sequence types in Porphyromonas gingivalis.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique A (2006). FimA Genotypes and Multilocus Sequence Types in Porphyromonas gingivalis.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar & Caugant, Dominique A (2006). FimA genotypes and multilocus sequence types in Porphyromonas gingivalis.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Caugant, Dominique A & Van Winkelhoff, Arie (2005). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis strains.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Van Winkelhoff, Arie J & Caugant, Dominique A (2005). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis from different geographic regions based on house-keeping genes.
• Enersen, Morten; Olsen, Ingar; Van Winkelhoff, Arie J & Caugant, Dominique A (2005). Multilocus sequence typing of Porphyromonas gingivalis from different geographic regions.
• Blix, Hege Salvesen & Enersen, Morten (2018). Antibiotic prescribing in dentistry. Folkehelseinstituttet.
• Blix, Hege Salvesen; Torheim, Sissel Marie & Enersen, Morten (2017). Antibiotic prescribing in dentistry in Norm/norm-Vet 2016; Usage of AntimicrobialAgents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway. Folkehelseinstituttet, Veterinærinstituttet. ISSN 1502-2307. 2016(1).
• Vikholt, Katharina Johnsen; Andersen, Kari-Mette; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin & Enersen, Morten (2014). Oral candidiasisand molecular epidemiology in Candida glabrata. Det odontologiske Fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo.
• Solli, Silje Jeanette; Nguyen, Toan Duy; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin & Enersen, Morten (2014). RgpB-genet; en viktig virulensfaktor hos den periopatogene bakteriearten Porphyromonas gingivalis. Et molekylærbiologisk studium. Det odontologiske Fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo.

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