Publikasjoner
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Brox, Julie Marie Haabeth; Tulek, Amela; Khan, Qalbi; Sehic, Amer; Stein, Linda & Breivik, Anne
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Erosive tooth wear – knowledge and treatment preferences among dental hygienists.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.
ISSN 0001-6357.
85,
s. 332–341.
doi:
10.2340/aos.v85.46261.
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Objective: Erosive tooth wear (ETW) is generally recognized as a widespread condition and a rising concern within the oral healthcare system. This study aimed to investigate dental hygienists` experiences and treatment methods regarding ETW in young adults.
Material and methods: A questionnaire was sent to 1,084 Norwegian dental hygienists working in both public and private dental services. In total, 313 responded (response rate 28.9%). After excluding 47 respondents who did not meet the inclusion criteria of working with young adults (15–30 years), 266 dental hygienists were included in the final analyses (24.5% of those invited).
Results: In total, 96% of the study population of 266 dental hygienists reported recording ETW in the register, with the public dental service doing so more frequently than the private sector. Sports drinks, energy drinks and soft drinks were believed to be the primary risk indicators of ETW, analogously across groups. Furthermore, there was consensus that the most frequently performed preventive measures were dietary guidance and self-administration of fluoride rinse and/or tablets.
Conclusions: Overall, this study suggests that, in our sample, dental hygienists possess substantial knowledge of ETW and hold strong views on potential improvements in their work as healthcare professionals.
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Thune, Noora Helene; Kristensen, Anna Tostrup; Hammer, Hugo Lewi; Khan, Qalbi; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Sehic, Amer
(2026).
Evaluating digital resources as a supplement to traditional anatomy teaching in dental education.
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.
7.
doi:
10.3389/fdmed.2026.1781318.
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Kristoffersen, Camilla Sofia Miranda; Ziesler, Camilla Elise Øxnevad; Thune, Noora Helene; Kristensen, Anna Tostrup; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Hammer, Hugo Lewi
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Histogenetics in Teaching the Complexity of Developmental Biology to Dental Students: A Study Merging Traditional and Current Approaches.
Dentistry Journal.
14(3).
doi:
10.3390/dj14030177.
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Kristensen, Anna Tostrup; Thune, Noora Helene; Khan, Qalbi; Utheim, Tor Paaske; Hammer, Hugo Lewi & Sehic, Amer
(2026).
Student perspectives on integrating basic and clinical dental sciences: insights from three dental schools in Norway.
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.
7.
doi:
10.3389/fdmed.2026.1746468.
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Thune, Noora Helene; Kristensen, Anna Tostrup; Khan, Qalbi; Utheim, Tor Paaske; Hammer, Hugo Lewi & Sehic, Amer
(2025).
Retention of skull anatomy knowledge in dental education: a comparative study.
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.
6,
s. 1–9.
doi:
10.3389/fdmed.2025.1596610.
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There is limited evidence regarding the retention of essential basic science knowledge among dental students and professionals. Understanding the anatomy of the skull, osteology, is crucial as it provides the structural framework essential for comprehending head anatomy, where various soft tissue components are organized. This study aims to evaluate and compare the retention of osteological knowledge across different stages of dental education and professional practice. Specific anatomical structures on selected skull bones and the complete cranium, taught at the pre-clinical level and including clinically and radiographically significant landmarks, were marked for assessment. The study evaluated the ability of second year and f ifth year undergraduate dental students, as well as postgraduate students at various stages of specialist training in different dental fields, to independently identify these marked anatomical structures. The study demonstrated significantly higher identification accuracy among second year students compared to fifth year and postgraduate students (p<0.05). Second year students achieved over 90% accuracy for individual skull bones, with slightly lower accuracy for the entire cranium (85.9%). Fifth year students showed markedly lower retention, with accuracy below 50%, ranging from 20.8% (cranium) to 48.3% (mandible). Postgraduate students performed similarly to f ifth year students, notably with only 11.8% accuracy for the sphenoid bone. Significant differences in accuracy were observed among postgraduate specialties (p <0.05), with oral surgery and oral medicine specialists achieving the highest accuracy (81.2% for the mandible). However, no significant correlation between years of experience and accuracy was observed among the postgraduate groups (p=0.45). Our results indicate that clinically and radiologically relevant anatomical knowledge is better retained over time, while overall osteological knowledge significantly declines. This highlights the need for strategies beyond initial learning to enhance long-term retention. Integrating clinical, radiological, and surface anatomy into continuing dental education could substantially improve knowledge retention. Furthermore, our f indings suggest potential benefits from increased vertical integration and encourage broader discussion regarding the traditional separation between pre-clinical and clinical training phases.
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Breivik, Anne; Kopperud, Simen E.; Mulic, Aida Gacic; Stein, Linda; Yitayew, Teferi Mekonnen & Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve
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(2025).
Risk Indicators Associated with Root Caries and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Adults: The Tromsø7 Study.
Caries Research.
ISSN 0008-6568.
s. 13–13.
doi:
10.1159/000547745.
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate risk indicators associated with root caries in older adults aged 65 years and above in Norway. A secondary aim was to explore whether root caries was associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,075 participants aged ≥65 from the population-based Tromsø Study (Tromsø7) conducted in Northern Norway in 2015–2016. All inhabitants aged 40 years and older in Tromsø municipality (32,591) were invited, of whom 21,083 participated. The participants underwent clinical and radiographic examinations and answered extensive questionnaires. Root caries was registered on four surfaces per tooth and graded D<sub>3-5.</sub> For analysis, prevalence of root caries was dichotomised into (1) no (if the participants had no root caries) and (2) yes (if root caries was registered on at least one surface). Characteristics of the study population were described with percentages and frequencies for the categorical variables and mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables for the whole cohort and stratified on presence of root caries and OHRQoL impact. The statistical significance of differences was assessed with the Pearson χ2 test and independent sample T test. Factors associated with root caries and OHRQoL were explored using logistic regression. The significance level was set to p < 0.05 for all analysis. Results: Men had higher odds of root caries than women (OR: 1.70, 95% CI [1.08, 2.70]) and those who were smokers had a higher odds of root caries than those who had never smoked (OR: 1.83, 95% CI [1.13, 2.94]). Participants with root caries had 1.67 times higher odds of having reduced OHRQoL than those without root caries (95% CI: 1.02, 2.72). Conclusion: This study found that being male and smoking were risk indicators of root caries. Additionally, root caries had a negative impact on OHRQoL. The results could be useful for oral health professionals to guide individual and targeted root caries preventive measures in older adults.
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Brox, Julie Marie Haabeth; Tulek, Amela; Sehic, Amer; Mulic, Aida Gacic; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
(2025).
Comparative analysis of the protective effects of fluoride compounds on dental erosion in mouse model.
BMC Oral Health.
25(1),
s. 1–10.
doi:
10.1186/s12903-025-05767-z.
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Background Dental erosion development is affected by various factors such as types and amounts of acids, drinking habits and lifestyle choices. To prevent the onset and progression, identification of early erosive lesions as well as increased knowledge of the preventive treatment possibilities is of the importance. The aim of this study is to compare the protective effects of various fluoride compounds against dental erosion utilizing an established mouse model. Methods Three groups of ten young CD-1 mice were provided cola drink ad libitum during six weeks. Fluoride solutions containing metal components, TiF₄ (0.5 mol/l, pH 1.2, 9500 ppm F) and SnF₂ (0.5 mol/l, pH 2.6, 9500 ppm F), and a non-metal fluoride, NaF (0.5 mol/l, pH 8, 9500 ppm F) were applied to the molars under sedation twice a week. Additionally, one positive (acidic drink) and one negative (distilled water) control group were included. Mandibular molars were thereafter dissected and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The first molars were transversely ground, observed by SEM, and tooth height and dental hard tissue loss were measured. Further, pulp structure was described. Results The application of metal fluorides, TiF₄ and SnF₂, resulted in the formation of a protective coating layer on the molars. The overall protective effects of fluoride compounds on the development of dental erosion were evident in increasing succession from NaF, TiF₄ to SnF₂. Molars applied NaF showed a 6% reduction in tooth tissue loss compared to the untreated positive control molars. TiF₄ and SnF₂ treated molars continued to display decreased tooth tissue loss by 37% and 67%, respectively. Conclusions The metal fluorides offer superior protection against dental erosion compared to the traditional fluoride compound. The results particularly emphasize the protective effect of SnF₂, which was most effective in preserving enamel structure and minimizing dentin exposure. This suggests that SnF₂ could be an effective option for preventing dental erosions.
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Breivik, Anne; Kopperud, Simen E.; Khan, Qalbi; Mulic, Aida Gacic & Stein, Linda Maria
(2025).
Preventive measures and perceived challenges in delivering oral health care for elderly patients: a survey of dental hygienists in Norway.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.
ISSN 0001-6357.
84,
s. 1–9.
doi:
10.2340/aos.v84.42581.
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Objective: This study aimed to gain knowledge of general oral health preventive measures with a specific focus on root caries preventive measures for patients ≥65 years old, performed by Norwegian dental hygienists in public and private dental health services. A secondary aim was to investigate differences and challenges in prevention practices. <p> <p>Materials and methods: An electronic survey was conducted among the sample in 2022. A total of 365 dental hygienists were included in the analyses. Chi-square tests were used to analyze differences between private and public dental hygienists regarding preventive measures and perceived challenges. <p> <p>Results: The most frequently reported general oral health preventive measures were oral hygiene instruction, professional tooth cleaning and scaling. Oral hygiene instruction and application of fluoride varnish were the most performed root caries preventive measure, and reduced manual dexterity in patients was the most perceived challenge. Public dental hygienists perceived challenges to a greater extent than private dental hygienists, particularly related to reduced mobility and ergonomic difficulties in patients. <p> <p>Conclusion: This study confirms dental hygienists’ important role in oral health promotion and showed that Norwegian dental hygienists performed a wide range of preventive measures for patients ≥65 years old. However, a number of challenges were identified in the preventive work.
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Brox, Julie Marie Haabeth; Tulek, Amela; Sehic, Amer; Mulic, Aida Gacic; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
(2025).
The Protective Effects of Silver Fluoride Solution and Fluoride Varnish on Dental Erosion—An In Vivo Study.
Dentistry Journal.
13(2).
doi:
10.3390/dj13020046.
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Breivik, Anne; Mulic, Aida Gacic; Sehic, Amer; Valen, Håkon; Kopperud, Simen E. & Stein, Linda Maria
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2024).
Accumulation and removal of Streptococcus mutans biofilm on enamel and roosurfaces in vitro.
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.
11,
s. 76–82.
doi:
10.2340/biid.v11.41059.
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Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively investigate the accumulation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm on enamel and root surfaces and assess the amount of biofilm removal using (1) experimental toothpaste and (2) water, in a closed system of flow chamber.<p> <p<Methods: Eight sound premolars were embedded in epoxy resin and polished with silicon carbide grinding papers to display enamel and root surfaces. To mimic biofilm, cultures of Streptococcus mutans were prepared and grown on the tooth surfaces over night before they were exposed to either 2 liters of Milli Q water or 2 liters of 40% experimental toothpaste in the flow chamber. The amount of biofilm was measured and quantified in Fluorescence microscopy. Mean fluorescence values were recorded and analysed using Microsoft® Excel® (MS Excel 2016). <p>Results: The ability to grow biofilm was equally present at both the enamel and root surfaces. The use of water and 40% experimental toothpaste showed a significant reduction of areas covered with biofilm on both enamel and root dentin in comparison to untreated surfaces (p < 0.01). Significantly more biofilm was removed from enamel compared to root surfaces when treated with either water and toothpaste (p < 0.01). Slightly less biofilm was removed by the use of water compared to toothpaste on both enamel and root dentin surfaces, although the differences were not statistically significant. <p>Conclusion: The results indicate that less biofilm is removed from the root surfaces than enamel by the use of water and 40% experimental toothpaste in flow chamber. Assessing oral biofilm accumulation and monitoring biofilm formation on enamel and root dentin surfaces give oral health professionals important directions that could strenghten the significance of dental caries prevention. Improving older individuals’ oral hygiene practices should therefore be considered an important measure to prevent root caries.
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Sehic, Amer & Khan, Qalbi
(2024).
Traditional Hands-On Puzzle Method versus Fully Digital Approach in Teaching Tooth Morphology: A Comparative Study of Educational Outcomes.
Dentistry Journal.
12(6).
doi:
10.3390/dj12060162.
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Objective: Tooth morphology education is a critical component of dental curricula, providing a foundational understanding of the intricate structural anatomy of teeth. This study evaluates the learning outcomes in relation to tooth morphology of two student cohorts from different academic terms, comparing the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method to an alternative fully digital approach. Materials and Methods: Two groups of Master of Dentistry students were retrospectively analyzed. The control group (55 students) was taught via the ‘tooth puzzle’ method in 2021, while the experimental group (55 students) underwent a fully digital course in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions. Both groups completed a digital examination involving the identification of 40 teeth, presented as images and videos. Results: In the control group of 55 students, nearly half (49.1%) achieved faultless results, while 65.5% had at most two faults, and 74.5% had no more than four faults. The group had a total of 163 faults, averaging 3.0 per student, with only one student (1.8%) failing the test. In stark contrast, the experimental group had no students without faults, 9.1% had four or fewer faults, and a significant 61.8% made 10 or more faults, with 29.1% failing their first test attempt by exceeding 12 faults. Overall, the experimental group registered 582 faults, averaging 10.6 per student. Conclusions: The ‘tooth puzzle’ method, with its interactive and tactile elements, proved more effective in teaching tooth morphology than the digital-only approach. The increased number of faults and failed tests in the experimental group suggest that while digital tools offer meaningful support in learning tooth morphology, their main advantage is seen when coupled with traditional hands-on techniques, not unassisted and independently.
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Markholm, Caroline Elisabeth; Overskott, Helene Lindén; Sehic, Amer; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
(2024).
Integrating Structured Digital Tools with the Traditional Hands-on Puzzle Method for Teaching Tooth Morphology: A Comparative Study of Educational Outcomes.
Dentistry Journal.
12(8).
doi:
10.3390/dj12080270.
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The study of tooth morphology is a critical component of the dental curriculum, highlighting the importance for dental students to acquire comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the complex structure of teeth. This study compared the educational outcomes of two student cohorts in a tooth morphology course, using traditional methods for the control group and additional digital video-based resources for the experimental group. We hypothesized that early integration of digital resources would significantly reduce the learning time. We retrospectively analyzed two groups of Master of Dentistry students. The control group (42 students) was taught using the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method, while the experimental group (42 students) supplemented traditional teaching with digital video-based tools developed by our department. Both groups’ curricula culminated in a practical post-course test requiring the identification of 40 teeth, along with a mid-course test to track the students’ learning progression. The number and type of incorrectly identified teeth were recorded. The mid-course test showed significant performance differences. The control group had a median (Q1, Q3) value of faults of 12.0 (7.8, 20.5), whereas the respective value for the experimental group was 4.0 (0.0, 8.0) (p < 0.001). In the control group, none achieved faultless results, with only two students (4.8%) having at most two faults, and six students (14.3%) having no more than four faults. The control group averaged 13.5 faults per student, with 19 students (45.2%) failing the test. Conversely, the experimental group showed improved performance: 12 students (28.6%) had no faults, and 25 students (59.5%) had four or fewer faults. The experimental group averaged 5.2 faults per student, with only four students (9.5%) failing. By the end of the course, both groups achieved commendable results on the practical tooth identification test. The experimental group slightly outperformed the control group, though the difference was not significant. The median (Q1, Q3) values were 0.0 (0.0, 2.5) and 1.0 (0.0, 4.5) for the experimental and control groups, respectively (p = 0.372). The students using both traditional and structured digital video-based tools showed greater learning advancement than those using only the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method.
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Overskott, Helene Lindén; Markholm, Caroline Elisabeth; Sehic, Amer & Khan, Qalbi
(2024).
Different Methods of Teaching and Learning Dental Morphology.
Dentistry Journal.
12(4).
doi:
10.3390/dj12040114.
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Dental anatomy education is traditionally structured into theoretical and practical modules to foster both cognitive and psychomotor development. The theoretical module typically involves didactic lectures where educators elucidate dental structures using visual aids. In contrast, practical modules utilize three-dimensional illustrations, extracted and plastic teeth, and tooth carving exercises on wax or soap blocks, chosen for their cost, ease of handling, and fidelity in replication. However, the efficacy of these traditional methods is increasingly questioned. The criticism in this concern is that oversized carving materials may distort students’ understanding of anatomical proportions, potentially affecting the development of necessary skills for clinical practice. Lecture-driven instruction, on the other hand, is also criticized for its limitations in fostering interactive learning, resulting in a gap between pre-clinical instruction and practical patient care. In this study, we review the various educational strategies that have emerged to enhance traditional dental anatomy pedagogy by describing the effectiveness of conventional didactic lectures, wax carving exercises, the use of real and artificial teeth, the flipped classroom model, and e-learning tools. Our review aims to assess each method’s contribution to improving clinical applicability and educational outcomes in dental anatomy, with a focus on developing pedagogical frameworks that align with contemporary educational needs and the evolving landscape of dental practice. We suggest that the optimal approach for teaching tooth morphology would be to integrate the digital benefits of the flipped classroom model with the practical, hands-on experience of using extracted human teeth. To address the challenges presented by this integration, the creation and standardization of three-dimensional tooth morphology educational tools, complemented with concise instructional videos for a flipped classroom setting, appears to be a highly effective strategy.
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Asa’ad, Farah; Nørremølle, Anne; Khan, Qalbi; Larsson, Lena; Tommerup, Niels & Hermann, Nuno Vibe
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(2024).
Targeted Genetic Education in Dentistry in the Era of Genomics.
Genes.
15(12).
doi:
10.3390/genes15121499.
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Background: The growing body of knowledge on the human genome and its variants points towards the significance of genetic factors in oral health and disease. Since the dental curricula have historically prioritized clinically oriented subjects, this focus has resulted in insufficient coverage of genetics. To leverage this knowledge in patient care, dental education must equip students with an understanding of the principles of genetics. Method: We have established “Genetic Educators Network in Dentistry” (GEN-Dent) to identify common concerns regarding genetics in dental education and work for a greater emphasis on genetics in future dental programs to make sure that professionals in dentistry are well-prepared to navigate the complexities of the evolving “human genome era”. Results: Here, GEN-Dent proposes specific learning goals for medical genetics in dentistry and provides supporting teaching material addressing each learning goal. The five life-like case studies exemplify different dental conditions and introduce important concepts of genetics, inspiring other educators. Conclusions: Opportunities in Scandinavian countries can be an advantage in increasing global awareness of the importance of genetics in dentistry. The integration of genetics into dental education not only aims to improve patient care but also seeks to inspire a new generation of basic scientists with clinical backgrounds in dentistry. We expect that using life-like patient cases will significantly motivate dental students when learning medical genetics.
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Brox, Julie Marie Haabeth; Tulek, Amela; Sehic, Amer; Mulic, Aida Gacic; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
(2024).
Onset and progression of dental erosion in a mouse model.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.
ISSN 0001-6357.
83,
s. 453–460.
doi:
10.2340/aos.v83.41193.
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Objective: Purpose of this research was to examine the onset, progression and wear rates of dental erosion in an established mouse model.<p> <p>Material and methods: Dental erosion in mice was experimentally induced, and the acidic effects of cola drink on their teeth after 2, 4 and 6-weeks were closely analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The tooth height and enamel or dentin loss were established. <p> <p>Results: The dental erosion on the molars showed clear progression from 2 to 6 weeks. By the 2-week mark, a significant portion of enamel was already eroded, revealing the dentin on the lingual cusps. When adjusted for attritional wear, molars exposed to cola for 2 weeks showed a 35% drop in lingual tooth height compared to controls (533 μm vs. 818 μm). At 4 and 6 weeks, the cola-exposed group continued to display decreased lingual tooth heights by 40% (476 μm vs. 799 μm) and 43% (440 μm vs. 767 μm), respectively.<p> <p>Conclusion: This study revealed significant acidic effects of cola drink on mouse molars as early as 2 weeks. These findings highlight the challenge of monitoring dental erosion clinically and underscore the importance of early preventive and intervention measures.
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Sharma, Sunita; Khan, Qalbi; Schreurs, Olaf Joseph Franciscus; Sapkota, Dipak & Samuelsen, Jan Tore
(2023).
Investigation of biological effects of HEMA in 3D-organotypic co-culture models of normal and malignant oral keratinocytes.
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.
10(1),
s. 98–108.
doi:
10.1080/26415275.2023.2234400.
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Several in vitro studies utilizing 2-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems have linked 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with cytotoxic effects in oral mucosa and dental pulp cells. Although such studies are invaluable in dissecting the cellular and molecular effects of HEMA, there is a growing interest in the utilization of appropriate 3-dimensional (3D) models that mimic the structure of oral mucosa. Using a previously characterized 3D-organotypic co-culture model, this study aimed to investigate the cellular and molecular effects of HEMA on a 3D-co-culture model consisting of primary normal oral keratinocyte (NOK) grown directly on top of collagen I gel containing primary oral fibroblasts (NOF). The second aim was to examine the suitability of a 3D-co-culture system consisting of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells as a model system to investigate the biological effects of HEMA. We demonstrated that HEMA treatment led to reduced viability of NOK, NOF and OSCC-cell lines in 2D-culture. The keratinocytes in 3D-co-cultures of NOK and OSCC-cells reacted similarly with respect to cell proliferation and activation of autophagy flux, to HEMA treatment. Nevertheless, NOK was found to be more susceptible to apoptosis following HEMA treatment than OSCC in 3D-co-cultures. These results indicate that 3D-organotypic co-cultures of NOK might represent an appropriate model system for the investigation of the biological effects of HEMA and other dental biomaterials. Given the challenges in obtaining primary cultures of NOK and issues associated with their rapid differentiation in culture, the possible use of OSCC cells as an alternative to NOK for 3D models represents an area for future research.
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Tulek, Amela; Mulic, Aida; Runningen, Maria; Diesen, Jannike Lillemo; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
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(2021).
Genetic Aspects of Dental Erosive Wear and Dental Caries.
International Journal of Dentistry.
ISSN 1687-8728.
2021.
doi:
10.1155/2021/5566733.
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Objectives. &e present review aims to give an overview of the literature focusing on novel genetic aspects of dental erosion and dental caries. Once the tooth erupts into the oral cavity, the regenerative capability of enamel is fundamentally limited due to the loss of dental epithelium during eruption. &e susceptibility or resistance to dental erosion and caries is presumably a result of environmental, phenotypic, and/or genetic influence. Even though it is evident that individuals frequently exposing their teeth to acid and sugar are at high risk of developing dental erosion and caries, the findings exclusively based on these factors are elusive. Data resources and study selection. &e present review was based on data collected from the National Library of Medicine database with different combinations of the following terms: “tooth,” “dental,” “dentin,” “enamel,” “erosion,” “erosive wear,” “caries,” “decay,” “gene,” and “genetic.” A total of forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by another. Conclusion. &e high prevalence of erosion and caries among certain groups, and observations that not all individuals appearing to be at risk develop these lesions, has sparked research on identifying genetic effects to these conditions. A connection of genome-wide and candidate gene studies has increased considerably in the literature. &is review reveals largely varying success among studies, demonstrating the difficulties of developing the study with adequate sample sizes and durable phenotype definitions that permit enough statistical power to identify genetic contributors.
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Jacobsen, Nils; Khan, Qalbi & Hensten, Arne
(2021).
Drømmen om nye tenner.
Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende.
ISSN 0029-2303.
131.
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Tannlegene vært opptatt av muligheten for å få dannet nye tenner lenge. Det har ført til et nøye studium av den embryonale tann- dannelsen for å kunne kopiere den eksperimentelt. Forskningen har imidlertid bare i liten grad kunnet anvende sine eksperimen- telle oppsett på mennesker, men har benyttet seg av dyr som mus, rotter, minigriser og hunder, enkelte ganger i kombinasjon med in vitro oppdyrking av bestemte celler. Med utgangspunkt i stamcel- ler både fra tannrelatert vev eller fra fettvev og benmarg, har man kunnet få utviklet nytt pulpavev eller rothinne med cement og fi- bre. På mus har man også fått en helt ny tannkim til å utvikle seg ved å transplantere de relevante cellene til en tom sokkel. Detalj- kunnskapen om rollen til celler og signalstoffer ved tanndannelse har økt betydelig gjennom de siste årene, men det er vanskelig å se at mulighetene for å utvikle nye humane tenner er kommet nærmere. Kanskje kan det ligge en viss gevinst i regenerasjon av pulpa og periodontalt vev.
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Tatematsu, Yukako; Khan, Qalbi; Blanco, Tomas; Bair, Jeffrey A.; Hodges, Robin R. & Masli, Sharmila
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(2018).
Thrombospondin-1 Is Necessary for the Development
and Repair of Corneal Nerves.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
ISSN 1661-6596.
19:3191(10),
s. 1–14.
doi:
10.3390/ijms19103191.
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Thrombospondin-1-deficient (TSP-1−/−) mice are used as an animal model of Sjögren’s Syndrome because they exhibit many of the symptoms associated with the autoimmune type of dry eye found in primary Sjögren’s Syndrome. This type of dry eye is linked to the inflammation of the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, and cornea, and is thought to involve dysfunction of the complex neuronal reflex arc that mediates tear production in response to noxious stimuli on the ocular surface. This study characterizes the structural and functional changes to the corneal nerves that are the afferent arm of this arc in young and older TSP-1−/− and wild type (WT) mice. The structure and subtype of nerves were characterized by immunohistochemistry, in vivo confocal microscopy, and confocal microscopy. Cytokine expression analysis was determined by Q-PCR and the number of monocytes was measured by immunohistochemistry. We found that only the pro-inflammatory cytokine MIP-2 increased in young corneas of TSP-1−/− compared to WT mice, but tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) all increased in older TSP-1−/− mouse corneas. In contrast, CD11b+ pro-inflammatory monocytes did not increase even in older mouse corneas. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, but not Substance P (SubP)-containing corneal nerves decreased in older, but not younger TSP-1−/− compared to WT mouse corneas. We conclude that CGRP-containing corneal sensory nerves exhibit distinct structural deficiencies as disease progresses in TSP-1−/− mice, suggesting that: (1) TSP-1 is needed for the development or repair of these nerves and (2) impaired afferent corneal nerve structure and hence function may contribute to ocular surface dysfunction that develops as TSP-1−/− mice age.
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Risnes, Steinar; Khan, Qalbi; Hadler-Olsen, Elin Synnøve & Sehic, Amer
(2018).
Tooth identification puzzle: A method of teaching and learning tooth morphology.
European journal of dental education.
ISSN 1396-5883.
s. 1–6.
doi:
10.1111/eje.12403.
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Utheim, Tor Paaske; Utheim, Øygunn Aass; Khan, Qalbi & Sehic, Amer
(2016).
Culture of Oral Mucosal Epithelial Cells for the Purpose of Treating Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.
doi:
10.3390/jfb7010005.
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The cornea is critical for normal vision as it allows allowing light transmission to the retina. The corneal epithelium is renewed by limbal epithelial cells (LEC), which are located in the periphery of the cornea, the limbus. Damage or disease involving LEC may lead to various clinical presentations of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Both severe pain and blindness may result. Transplantation of cultured autologous oral mucosal epithelial cell sheet (CAOMECS) represents the first use of a cultured non-limbal autologous cell type to treat this disease. Among non-limbal cell types, CAOMECS and conjunctival epithelial cells are the only laboratory cultured cell sources that have been explored in humans. Thus far, the expression of p63 is the only predictor of clinical outcome following transplantation to correct LSCD. The optimal culture method and substrate for CAOMECS is not established. The present review focuses on cell culture methods, with particular emphasis on substrates. Most culture protocols for CAOMECS used amniotic membrane as a substrate and included the xenogeneic components fetal bovine serum and murine 3T3 fibroblasts. However, it has been demonstrated that tissue-engineered epithelial cell sheet grafts can be successfully fabricated using temperature-responsive culture surfaces and autologous serum. In the studies using different substrates for culture of CAOMECS, the quantitative expression of p63 was generally poorly reported; thus, more research is warranted with quantification of phenotypic data. Further research is required to develop a culture system for CAOMECS that mimics the natural environment of oral/limbal/corneal epithelial cells without the need for undefined foreign materials such as serum and feeder cells.
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Khan, Qalbi & Sehic, Amer
(2015).
Understanding Ameloblastomas Through Tooth Development.
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Care.
ISSN 2379-1705.
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Sehic, Amer; Khan, Qalbi; Khuu, Cuong; Minou, Nirvani & Paaske, Utheim Tor
(2015).
Genetic Control of Enamel Development.
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Care.
ISSN 2379-1705.
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Sehic, Amer; Khuu, Cuong; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Khan, Qalbi
(2015).
MicroRNAs and Tooth Development; Model for Organogenesis?
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Care.
ISSN 2379-1705.
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Qalb-E-Saleem, Khan Ahmed; Sehic, Amer; Khuu, Cuong; Risnes, Steinar & Osmundsen, Harald
(2013).
Expression of Clu and Tgfb1 during murine tooth development: effects of in-vivo transfection with anti-miR-214.
European Journal of Oral Sciences.
ISSN 0909-8836.
121(4),
s. 303–312.
doi:
10.1111/eos.12056.
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Expression of clusterin (Clu) in the murine first molar tooth germ was markedly increased at postnatal developmental stages. The time-course of expression of this gene paralleled those of other genes encoding proteins involved during the secretory phase of odontogenesis, as described previously. Immunohistochemical studies of clusterin in murine molar tooth germs suggested this protein to be located in outer enamel epithelium, regressing enamel organ, secretory ameloblasts, and the dental epithelium connecting the tooth to the oral epithelium at an early eruptive stage. Immunolabelling of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) revealed it to be located close to clusterin. The levels of expression of Clu and Tgfb1 were markedly decreased following in-vivo transfection with anti-miR-214. In contrast, the expression of several genes associated with regulation of growth and development were increased by this treatment. We suggest that clusterin has functions during secretory odontogenesis and the early eruptive phase. Bioinformatic analysis after treatment with anti-miR-214 suggested that, whilst cellular activities associated with tooth mineralization and eruption were inhibited, activities associated with an alternative developmental activity (i.e. biosynthesis of contractile proteins) appeared to be stimulated. These changes probably occur through regulation mediated by a common cluster of transcription factors and support suggestions that microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly significant as regulators of differentiation during odontogenesis.
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Sehic, Amer; Risnes, Steinar; Khuu, Cuong; Qalb-E-Saleem, Khan Ahmed & Osmundsen, Harald
(2011).
Effects of in vivo transfection with anti-miR-214 on gene expression in murine molar tooth germ.
Physiological Genomics.
ISSN 1094-8341.
43(9),
s. 488–498.
doi:
10.1152/physiolgenomics.00248.2010.
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Sehic, Amer; Risnes, Steinar; Qalb-E-Saleem, Khan Ahmed; Khuu, Cuong & Osmundsen, Harald
(2010).
Gene expression and dental enamel structure in developing mouse incisor.
European Journal of Oral Sciences.
ISSN 0909-8836.
118(2),
s. 118–130.
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Qalb-E-Saleem, Khan Ahmed; Press, Charles McLean; Sehic, Amer; Landin, Maria Augusta Dos S Silva; Risnes, Steinar & Osmundsen, Harald
(2010).
Expression of prion gene and presence of prion protein during development of mouse molar tooth germ.
European Journal of Oral Sciences.
ISSN 0909-8836.
118(6),
s. 559–565.
doi:
10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00783.x.
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Kristensen, Anna Tostrup; Thune, Noora Helene; Khan, Qalbi; Utheim, Tor Paaske & Sehic, Amer
(2024).
The Importance of Basic Sciences in Dental Education.
Dentistry Journal.
12(382).
doi:
10.3390/dj12120382.
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The rapid advancements in biomedical sciences, including genomics, microbiome research, and bioinformatics, underscore the need for dental education to evolve to meet future challenges in public oral health and healthcare delivery. The integration of basic sciences into dental curricula is crucial to ensure that dental professionals are thoroughly prepared in these fundamental areas. Despite the widespread agreement on the necessity of including basic medical sciences in dental education, challenges such as curricular congestion, faculty economics, and infrastructural limits persist, complicating the integration of new scientific knowledge. Furthermore, there remains a significant lack of research concerning the optimal extent, timing, and focus of these subjects, whether biochemical, medical, or dental. Additionally, there is a need to address prevailing conceptions about the irrelevance of basic sciences to the field of dentistry, which necessitates a focus on teaching methodologies and pedagogical strategies. Therefore, it is essential to advance educational research that prepares future educators to integrate basic sciences into dental education through evidence-based teaching methods. The dental curriculum, which encompasses fundamental sciences, laboratory exercises, and clinical practice, must overcome considerable pedagogical challenges to effectively incorporate and balance these basic sciences within its educational structure.
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palm, siv randi & Khan, Qalbi
(2021).
New teeth- straight from the lab?
[Internet].
NIOM.
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Khan, Qalbi
(2021).
Vi finner sjelden nye organer i kroppen. Denne oppdagelsen bør føre til bedre behandling av tørr munn.
Aftenposten Viten.
ISSN 2464-3033.
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Khan, Qalbi & Kaste, Anders Moen
(2021).
Får noen av oss lettere hull i tennene enn andre?
SPØR EN FORSKER.
[Internet].
Forskning.no.
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Khan, Qalbi
(2015).
Du har en eldgammel øgle i øret.
Aftenposten Viten.
ISSN 2464-3033.
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Khan, Qalbi
(2014).
Tannanlegg - organstudie i miniatyr.
Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende.
ISSN 0029-2303.
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Khan, Qalbi
(2014).
En eldgammel historie om tenner.
Aftenposten Viten.
ISSN 2464-3033.
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Breivik, Anne; Khan, Qalbi; Stein, Linda; Mulic, Aida Gacic & Kopperud, Simen E.
(2025).
Prevention of root caries among elderly in Norway.
Universitetet i Innlandet.
ISSN 9788283805512.
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Fremskritt innen medisin og odontologi har ført til en betydelig forbedring av den generelle og orale helsen i befolkningen, som gjør at levealderen har økt og at flere beholder sine naturlige tenner inn i alderdommen. Karies, og spesielt rotkaries, er en stor utfordring i denne aldersgruppen i tannhelsetjenesten. Det overordnede målet for avhandlingen er derfor å øke kunnskap om forebygging av rotkaries blant eldre i Norge, noe som er avgjørende for å kunne forbedre og planlegge fremtidens ressursbehov i tannhelsetjenesten.
Et laboratorieeksperiment og to tverrsnittstudier ble gjennomført. Laboratorieeksperimentet fant sted på Nordisk Institutt for Odontologiske Materialer (NIOM). Formålet i denne studien var å kvantitativt evaluere Streptococcus Mutans biofilm akkumulering på human emalje og rotoverflater, samt vurdere mengden av biofilm som ble fjernet ved bruk av (1) eksperimentell tannkrem og (2) vann, i et lukket system i flow chamber. I den første tverrsnittstudien benyttet vi oss av data fra Tromsø7 undersøkelsen, hvor 1075 deltakere over 65 år ble inkludert. Studien hadde som formål å undersøke hvilke risikoindikatorer som var assosiert med rotkaries hos eldre over 65 år. Et sekundært formål var å undersøke hvorvidt rotkaries var assosiert med oral helse-relatert livskvalitet (OHRQoL). I den andre tverrsnittstudien ble det gjennomført en nettbasert spørreundersøkelse blant 365 tannpleiere i offentlig og privat sektor, hvor formålet var å øke kunnskap om hvilke forebyggende tiltak som ble utført blant eldre over 65 år, med spesielt søkelys på forebyggelse av rotkaries. Et sekundært formål var å undersøke forskjeller og utfordringer i det forebyggende arbeidet.
Laboratoriestudien (Paper I) viste at mindre biofilm ble fjernet fra rotoverflatene sammenlignet med emalje. I dataen fra Tromsøundersøkelsen (Paper II) fant vi at menn og røykere hadde høyere risiko for å utvikle rotkaries. Vi fant også at rotkaries var signifikant assosiert med oral helse-relatert livskvalitet. Resultatene fra spørreundersøkelsen (Paper III) viste at tannpleierne utførte en rekke forebyggende tiltak for eldre, selv om det opplevdes som krevende.
Avhandlingen understreker betydningen av forebygging av rotkaries blant eldre og indikerer et behov for mer ressurser og økt prioritering av forebyggende strategier i tannhelsetjenesten som samsvarer med tannhelsebehovene til den aldrende befolkningen i Norge. Forskningen adresserer omfattende og viktig informasjon som bør tas i betraktning av tannhelsepersonell og beslutningstakere i det forebyggende arbeidet for denne gruppen.
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Publisert
13. jan. 2022 08:15
- Sist endret
11. apr. 2023 10:47
